Notes

Short technical notes on waves, materials and the path from research to components.

The physics behind the animations on this site

The wave animations on the Research page are not artist’s impressions. Each frame is computed from the governing equations, using the measured properties of the 3D-printed iron–PLA samples from my experiments.

For the surface wave, the speed comes from solving the Rayleigh equation, and the particle motion from the exact displacement field that leaves the surface free of traction. That is why the particles trace ellipses that run backwards at the surface and reverse direction about a fifth of a wavelength down, and why the motion fades within roughly one wavelength. With these material values the wave travels at about 841 metres per second.

For the bulk waves, the speeds come from closed-form expressions for an undeformed magneto-active solid. All three waves share one frequency, so the faster longitudinal wave shows a longer wavelength. Only the shear wave polarised along the magnetic field responds to it, by about 0.8 percent at 1.5 tesla. The bars on the right of that animation show the change on a scale of 0 to 1 percent, because at true scale it would be invisible.